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Angola, officially known as the Republic of Angola, is a country in south-central Africa with an area of ??1,246,700 square kilometers and a population of 31,127,674. According to official estimates for 2020, its capital is Luanda.
Angola is a former Portuguese colony and gained its independence on November 11, 1975. It borders the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north and northeast, Zambia to the southeast and Namibia to the southeast, and is located west of the Atlantic Ocean at 1.6.
Its population consists mostly of three groups, which belong to the Bandu family. On the south coast live Bulgarian nomads. Bandu groups stand out because of their different dialects. The population of Angola is therefore divided as follows:
37% are Oibudu, 25% Kibudu and 13% Bakogo. Smaller groups include Chokwe (also called Lunda), Gaguela, Abo, Herero and Xiduga.
About 2% of the population are mixed and 1% are of European (mainly Portuguese) origin.
The government of the country is a presidential democracy. From 1979 to 2017, the president of the country was Jose Eduardo dos Santos, who was replaced by Joao Lorenzo.
View of the Lubango Mountains
The hinterland of Angola is characterized by a wide plateau, with reliefs on the coast, and a gentler slope inland. The country lies south of the Congo River in southwestern Africa.
Across the confluence of the Congo River to the north is the territory of Cabinda, between the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The coastal strip of Angola is bathed by the Atlantic Ocean and has peculiarities.
Important rivers are the Coanza, with a length of 960 km, the Kubango (975 km, the longest river) and the Cune. The highest point is the Sera Moko plateau, at 2,620 meters.
In the northeast of the country dominates the equatorial forest, which has limited the settlement of people. Liquid savannah with baobabs, acacias and tall plants are found in the extreme northeastern part.
The dense tropical forests of the greenhouse grow on the slopes of the reliefs. In the southern part there are also some volcanoes, such as the Serra da Sella and the river Cune.
Finally, to the southeast is the steppe kingdom, which can be considered as the edge of the large barren area of ??the Kalahari Desert.
Angola's climate is sub-equatorial. There are two seasons, one dry and not too hot, from May to September, and one hot and rainy, which lasts from October to April.
Rainfall reaches 750 mm in the south and 1,500 mm in the north. In summer, the average temperature does not exceed 20 degrees Celsius.